Problems
|
Effects
|
Mitigation practices
|
Increase in the soil and atmospheric temperature
|
·
Photosynthesis rate reduces
·
Increase Evapotranspiration
·
Reduce pollination and increase fruit drops
·
Stunted tree growth,
·
Presence of physical abnormalities
·
Decrease in the crop duration
·
Increase in pest and disease
|
Building
contour bunds or intra-bunds in the farm to harvest runoff water
Constructing
farm ponds to harvest overflow rain water, linking to others water ponds
Encourage
to grow shade tree species in the farm
Recording
soil and atmospheric temperature of selected farms
|
Unseasonal rainfall
|
·
Greater flower frequency
·
Increase of CLR and quick wilt in pepper
·
Inhibits the blossom and back rain process
·
Drying delayed / loss of coffee quality
|
Recoding
rainfall data; number of days, frequency of selected farms
Tracking
history of selected pest and disease against rainfall
Understanding
hydrological cycle against monoculture and biodiversity rich farms
Promotion
of Climate resilient coffee farming
|
Occurrence of drought
|
·
Increased mortality
·
Increases the soil and atmospheric temperature
·
Prone to some pest and Disease
|
Constructing
water ponds based on the farm size to support blossom and back rain process
Initiate
the activities recommended by CCRI for drought mitigation
|
Less or no biodiversity in plantation
|
·
Increases the WSB
·
Imbalance the micro-climate
·
Loss of natural prey and predators population
|
Encourage
indigenous tree species in the farm
Encourage
to apiary in the farm
Recording
biodiversity; trees, birds, insects, reptiles and amphibians
|
Application of acid causing fertilizers and over use of chemicals
|
·
Imbalance soil PH
·
Leads to eutrophication process with use of nitrogen
based fertilizers
|
Regular
Soil testing and need based fertilizers application
Leaf
analysis to know the relation between plant nutrient absorptions
Recording
chemical usage; quantity and names
|
High rainfall and strong winds
|
·
Soil erosion
·
Tree damage
·
Shedding of flowers and immature fruits
·
Leaching of soil nutrients and washing
chemicals
·
Damaging approach roads
|
Ensure
multi-purpose shelter belts rows around farm
Building
contour bunds or intra-bunds in the farm to harvest runoff water
Constructing
farm ponds to harvest overflow rain water, linking to others water ponds
Constructing
seepage lines to remove excess water
Recoding
wind speed of selected farms
|
Sustainable Farming
Sustainable agriculture is a potential land use system to support food, fuel, fodder, timber, green manure, medicine and flower production and to increase the socio-economic status of the rural poor. The current agricultural practices are unsustainable, leads to agrochemical pollution, top soil loss, loss of biodiversity, depleting aquifers and deforestation etc, while working towards achieving higher economic profit and conservation of natural resource.
Search This Blog
Friday, January 5, 2018
Climate Change and Coffee - Problems,Effects and Mitigation practices
Thursday, January 4, 2018
Apiculture boost food productivity and manage ecology
C¢üPÀ PÁ¦ü
E¼ÀĪÀjUÉ eÉãÀÄPÀȶ ¥ÀÆgÀPÀ!
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Millets Health Benefits - Boost Your Health
Millets food is our basic food, if we travel from north-south and east-west of India, we will lots of millet base food. Government mechanisms eliminates the healthy millet food due to political interest soon after independence. India moved technology base agricultural production rather than land reforms.
Nutritional parameter, millets are far ahead than of rice and wheat In
terms of their mineral content, compared to rice and wheat. Each one of the
millets has more fibre than rice and wheat. Finger millet has thirty times more
Calcium than rice while every other millet has at least twice the amount of
Calcium compared to rice. In their Iron content, fox-tail and little millet are
so rich that rice is nowhere in the race. While most of us seek a micro-nutrient
such as Beta Carotene in pharmaceutical pills and capsules, millets offer it in
abundant quantities. The much privileged rice, ironically, has zero quantity of
this precious micro-nutrient. In this fashion, nutrient to nutrient, every
single millet is extraordinarily superior to rice and wheat and therefore is
the solution for the malnutrition that affects a vast majority of the Indian
population.
Boost Your Heart Health: Millets are the best possible
grains to add to your diet if you want to protect your heart, which is something that
everyone can relate to. Millet is a rich source of magnesium element, which is
an important mineral for reducing higher
blood pressure (BP) and the risk of heart attacks of strokes, particularly
in the case of atherosclerosis. Millet is also a great source of potassium,
which further keeps blood pressure low by acting as a vasodilator. Reducing
your blood pressure and optimizing your circulatory system is one of the best
ways to protect your cardiovascular health. The plant lignins found in much millet,
it can be converted to animal lignins by the micro-flora in our digestive
system, and those animal lignins have been shown to protect against certain
chronic diseases, like cancer and heart disease.
Regulate Cholesterol Levels: Cholesterol levels go
hand-in-hand with heart health, so the high fibber levels in millet make for an
ideal cholesterol-lowering approach. Dietary fibber actually eliminates dangerous “bad cholesterol” (LDL)
from the system, while promoting the effects of “good cholesterol (HDL).
Lowers the
risk of diabetes: Millets consumption helps to lower blood glucose level and improve
insulin response. Besides, the magnesium present in millets is a co-factor in
various enzymes involved in the secretion of insulin and metabolism of glucose
in the body. Whole grains improve insulin sensitivity by lowering glycemic
index of the diet by increasing content of fibre, magnesium and vitamin-E. Glycemic
Index is a scale that ranks carbohydrates by how much they raise the blood
glucose levels compared to a reference food. Glycemic Index is based on the
quality and not the quantity of carbohydrates. Millets have a low Glycemic
index compared to most other cereals. Since millets have a low Glycemic index
they increase satiety by decreasing hunger because it slows the rate of
digestion. Type of starch (amylose/amylopectin) also influences the Glycemic
index. Millet's have a high amylose content which is why they are slow absorbing
and sustainable release sugar to our blood and enable to work for long duration.
Increase Digestive
Health: As most fibber-rich foods boast,
millet can help move your gastrointestinal system along and eliminate problems
like constipation, excess gas, bloating, and cramping. By regulating your
digestive process, you also improve your nutrient retention and reduce your
chance of more serious gastrointestinal conditions like gastric ulcers or colon
cancer. Regular digestion and elimination of waste also helps to optimise your
kidney, liver, and immune system health, as those organ systems are closely
related to the body’s metabolic activities.
Lower the Cancer Risk: Diets high in fibre and
antioxidants have been shown to have beneficial effect on serum lipid profile
besides blood sugar. Some forms of cancer are also prevented by high fibre
diets. Millets being high in fibre, antioxidants and complex carbohydrates are
potential candidates for having beneficial effects against diseases like CVD,
cancer and ageing in general. Few in vitro and
animal studies support this view but well controlled studies in human are
needed. Recent
research has revealed fibber to be one of the best and easiest ways to prevent the onset of breast cancer in women. In fact, women can reduce their chances of
breast cancer by more than 50% by eating more than 30 grams of fibber every
day. Given that breast cancer is one of the most common and deadliest forms of
cancer, this is advice that every woman should hear
Detoxify the Body: Many of the antioxidants found in millet, in
addition to their beneficial impact on neutralizing free radicals, which can
cause cancer, they can also clean up other toxins from your body, such as those
in your kidney and liver. Quercetin, curcumin, ellagic acid, and various other
beneficial catechins can help to rid your system of any foreign agents and
toxins by promoting proper excretion and neutralizing enzymatic activity in
those organs.
Health of Respiratory System: Research has come to light
showing that millet can significantly improve the quality of life for people
suffering from childhood asthma, and can also prevent it from developing in the
first place. Although some of the evidence is controversial, it is shown that
significantly less wheezing and asthma attacks (by more than 15%) was seen in
children who had large intakes of grains like millet. However, as wheat is a
common allergen that is associated with asthma and wheezing, millet does not
have the same components and does not have this negative effect.
Intensification of millets production, processing, consumption and conservation programmes should be taken in a big scale to promote national community health and also conserve our mother earth.
Friday, November 10, 2017
Functions, Deficiencies and Solutions of Potassium (K)
Potassium (K) available to plants as the ion K+
Functions of K
Functions of K
- Unlike N and P, K does not form any vital organic compounds in the plant. However, the presence of K is vital for plant growth because K is known to be an enzyme activator that promotes metabolism.
- K assists in regulating the plant’s use of water by controlling the opening and closing of leaf stomates, where water is released to cool the plant.
- In photosynthesis, K has the role of maintaining the balance of electrical charges at the site of ATP production.
- K promotes the translocation of photosythates (sugars) for plant growth or storage in fruits or roots. • Through its role assisting ATP production, K is involved in protein synthesis.
- K has been shown to improve disease resistance in plants, improve the size of grains and seeds, and improve the quality of fruits and vegetables.
Deficiencies of K
- The most common symptom is chlorosis along the edges of leaves (leaf margin scorching). This occurs first in older leaves, because K is very mobile in the plant.
- Because K is needed in photosynthesis and the synthesis of proteins, plants lacking K will have slow and stunted growth.
- In some crops, stems are weak and lodging is common if K is deficient.
- The size of seeds and fruits and the quantity of their production is reduced
Solutions for K
- Apply required quantity of Manjastra (see my blog again for preparation of mangastra)
- Apply vermi-compost or any other fish meal and neem cake
- Enrich compost with Bassilus silicate bio-fertiliser
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